Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch with Electric Vehicle Charging Loads using an Artificial Protozoa Optimizer

Abstract

Minimizing real power loss in electrical power systems is crucial for economic efficiency and grid stability. The increasing number of EVs (electric cars) compounds this problem because EV charging demands are very unpredictable and put a lot of pressure on the power system. In such a setting, the already important Optimal Reactive Power Dispatching (ORPD) problem takes on an even greater significance. To address the ORPD issue while taking EV charging demands into account, this study suggests an Artificial Protozoa Optimizer (APO). For reduction of power losses and enhance the voltage stability, the algorithm sees the best position and size of shunt capacitors. On standard IEEE 14 bus, 30 bus, and 33 bus systems, the APO's effectiveness was tested under different EV load scenarios. Even when dealing with unpredictable electric vehicle loads, the results reveal that the IEEE-33 connection system, the IEEE 30 bus system, and the IEEE 14 bus system all considerably lessen the total real loss of power by a considerable margin: 7.49%, 0.79%, and 0.31%, respectively. Additionally, the optimization greatly enhanced and maintained within acceptable ranges the voltage profiles.   In modern power systems that include a lot of EVs, APO is a powerful and efficient tool for addressing the problem of ORPD, according to this study.